Selasa, 11 Agustus 2009

Perkiraan Jalur Gerak Topan Morakot

Typhoon Morakot
09 Aug 2009 19:41:00 GMT
Source: Tropical Storm Risk
Mark Saunders
Reuters and AlertNet are not responsible for the content of this article or for any external internet sites. The views expressed are the author's alone.
Track and windspeed of Typhoon Morakot

Track and windspeed of Typhoon Morakot




















Typhoon Morakot struck China as a tropical storm at about 12:00 GMT on 9 August. Data supplied by the US Navy and Air Force Joint Typhoon Warning Center suggest that the point of landfall was near 26.8 N, 119.6 E. Morakot brought 1-minute maximum sustained winds to the region of around 64 km/h (40 mph). Wind gusts in the area may have been considerably higher.

The information above is provided for guidance only and should not be used to make life or death decisions or decisions relating to property. Anyone in the region who is concerned for their personal safety or property should contact their official national weather agency or warning centre for advice.

This alert is provided by Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) which is sponsored by Benfield, Royal & SunAlliance, Crawford & Company and University College London (UCL). TSR acknowledges the support of the UK Met Office.

http://www.alertnet.org/thefacts/reliefresources/TSR/200909W_09W.htm


Satu Juta Orang Diungsikan Mengantisipasi Topan Morakot

1 million evacuated as typhoon hits China

AP – In this image made from television broadcast by ETTV television Sunday, Aug. 9, 2009, a a six-story hotel …

By GILLIAN WONG, Associated Press Writer – 10 mins ago

BEIJING – A typhoon slammed into China's eastern coast Sunday, forcing the evacuation of nearly a million people after earlier lashingTaiwan with torrential rains that caused the island's worst flooding in 50 years and left dozens missing and feared dead.

Typhoon Morakot made landfall in Fujian province, carrying heavy rainsand winds of 74 miles (119 kilometers) per hour, the China Meteorological Administration said. One death was reported Sunday.


Taiwan, meanwhile, was recovering after the storm dumped more than 80 inches (200 centimeters) of rain on some southern counties on Friday and Saturday, the worst flooding to hit the area in half a century, the Central Weather Bureau reported.

Taiwan's Disaster Relief Center said a woman was killed when her vehicle plunged into a ditch in Kaohsiung county in heavy rain Friday, and two men drowned in Pingtung and Tainan. It said 31 were missing and feared dead.


Nearly 1 million people were evacuated from China's eastern coastal provinces by early Sunday — more than 490,000 people in Zhejiang and 480,000 in neighboring Fujian. Authorities in Fujian called 48,000 boats back to harbor.

Thirty-nine flights from Wenzhou city in Zhejiang were canceled Sunday, the official Xinhua News Agency said.


Village officials in Zhejiang rode bicycles to distribute drinking water and instant noodles to residents stranded by deep floods, Xinhua said.

Heavy rains before the typhoon made landfall destroyed five houses in the province, burying four adults and a 4-year-old boy in debris, Xinhua said. The child died after emergency treatment failed, it said.


People caught in the storm stumbled with flashlights as darkness enveloped the town of Beibi in Fujian, uprooting trees and inundating farmlands, Xinhua said. Farmers tried to catch fish that were swept off fish farms by rising waves.

Rescuers attempted to reach eight sailors on a cargo ship stranded after strong winds blew it onto a reef off Fujian, Xinhua reported.


Morakot, which means "emerald" in Thai, was expected to travel north at about six miles (10 kilometers) per hour and weaken in strength, the meteorological administration said. It said the storm would also bring strong winds and heavy rains to nearby areas, including Shanghai.

Morakot hit Taiwan late Friday and crossed the island Saturday. Taiwan's Disaster Relief Center reported Sunday that flash floods washed away a home in southern Kaohsiung, leaving 16 people missing. Three were swept away in southeastern Taitung county, including two policemen helping to evacuate villagers.


Twelve others were missing, including three fishermen from a capsized boat and three others whose cars fell into a rain-swollen river, it said.

In southern Pingtung county, 4,000 people were stranded in inundated villages waiting for police boats to rescue them, news media reported.

In Taitung county, a six-story hotel collapsed and plunged into a river after floodwaters eroded its base, but all 300 people inside were evacuated and uninjured, officials said.

Morakot was the first typhoon to hit Taiwan this year. Typhoons are common between July and September, often causing injuries and deaths in mountainous regions prone to landslides and flash floods.


Earlier, in the northern Philippines, the typhoon and lingering monsoon rains left 21 people dead and seven others missing in landslides and floodwaters, including three European tourists who were swept away Thursday, the National Disaster Coordinating Council said Sunday.

The bodies of the Belgian and two French citizens were found Friday, the council said.

Meanwhile, Xinhua said three fishermen died and 26 others were missing from Tropical Storm Goni, which hit Guangdong on Wednesday but had weakened to a tropical depression by Sunday. Helicopters and ships were searching for the missing crew.

___

Associated Press writers Annie Huang in Taipei and Jim Gomez in Manila contributed to this report.

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090809/ap_on_re_as/as_asia_storm

Badai Tropis Etau

Tropical storm Etau
09 Aug 2009 20:10:00 GMT
Source: Tropical Storm Risk
Mark Saunders
Reuters and AlertNet are not responsible for the content of this article or for any external internet sites. The views expressed are the author's alone.
Track and windspeed of Tropical storm Etau
Previous | Next
Track and windspeed of Tropical storm Etau

Tropical storm Etau is forecast to strike Japan at about 06:00 GMT on 11 August. Data supplied by the US Navy and Air Force Joint Typhoon Warning Center suggest that the point of landfall will be near 35.1 N, 141.5 E. Etau is expected to bring 1-minute maximum sustained winds to the region of around 83 km/h (51 mph). Wind gusts in the area may be considerably higher.

The information above is provided for guidance only and should not be used to make life or death decisions or decisions relating to property. Anyone in the region who is concerned for their personal safety or property should contact their official national weather agency or warning centre for advice.

This alert is provided by Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) which is sponsored by Benfield, Royal & SunAlliance, Crawford & Company and University College London (UCL). TSR acknowledges the support of the UK Met Office.



A boy plays in front of waves triggered by tropical storm Goni by the shores of Sanya, Hainan province August 8, 2009. Nearly 100 ships' crew members from Cambodia, Vietnam and ...



http://www.alertnet.org/thefacts/reliefresources/TSR/200910W_10W.htm

Gempa Besar Skala 7,6 Richter di Kep.Andaman

Big quake hits off India's Andamans, no tsunami
11 Aug 2009 05:38:12 GMT
Source: Reuters
(Updates reports paragraphs 2, 9-10)

By Sanjit Kumar Roy

PORT BLAIR, India, Aug 11 (Reuters) - A major earthquake of magnitude 7.6 struck in the Indian Ocean off India's Andaman Islands early on Tuesday, but a tsunami alert for India, Myanmar, Indonesia, Thailand and Bangladesh was later cancelled.

There were no reports of a tsunami or of any casualties from the tremor, officials said. It coincided with a 6.5 magnitude earthquake that jolted Tokyo and surrounding areas of Japan. There were no reports of major casualties from that quake either. [ID:nT322240]

"We all ran out as fast as possible and have not gone back inside, fearing another quake. Everything was shaking, we are all very, very scared," Subhasis Paul, who runs a provision store in Diglipur island in North Andaman, told Reuters by telephone.

"People are calling each other out of their homes and everyone is huddled together outside," Paul said from Diglipur, about 300 km (185 miles) north of Port Blair, the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

The small chain of islands lie hundreds of miles east of India in the Indian Ocean.

The U.S. Geological Survey said the quake, initially reported as a magnitude 7.7, struck at 1:55 a.m. (1955 GMT on Monday). It was relatively shallow, at a depth of 33 km (20.6 miles), and was centred 260 km (160 miles) north of Port Blair.

The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Pacific Tsunami Warning Center said there could be a destructive wave along coasts up to 1,000 km (600 miles) from the epicentre, but it later withdrew its warning.

Officials at the tsunami alert centre in southern India said there was no chance of a tsunami.

"Our analysis of the sea-level gauges and follow-up showed there was no tsunami potential," said Sateesh Shenoy, director of the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services.

A 7.6 magnitude quake is classified by the USGS as a major earthquake and is capable of widespread, heavy damage.

A massive quake in the Indian Ocean in 2004 caused a tsunami that killed some 228,000 people, the majority in the Indonesian province of Aceh on the northern tip of Sumatra island.

WOKEN BY A JOLT

"I was on the balcony, and it felt very strange for a while, like my chair was leaning to one side," said Reuters correspondent Martin Petty in Bangkok. "So I got out of there sharpish. Aftershocks went on for a good few minutes."

In Indonesia, a meteorology agency official said his agency was monitoring Aceh, but there had been no reports of a tsunami.

"I was waken up by the jolt," said Kyaw Min, a resident of Yangon in Myanmar.

In the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago, officials said there was no news of any immediate loss of life or damage.

"We have patrol parties everywhere possible and everything appears normal. We are asking people not to panic and return to their homes," P. Karunakaran, a police superintendent in charge of the North and Middle Andaman region said by telephone from Mayabandar, 270 km (165 miles) north of Port Blair. (Additional reporting by Ed Davies in Jakarta, Bappa Majumdar in New Delhi, Martin Petty in Bangkok and Aung Hla Tun in Yangon; Writing by John Chalmers; Editing by Dean Yates)

Peringatan Tsunami di Batalkan Setelah Gempa di kepulauan Andaman

Tsunami warning cancelled after quake off India's Andaman

10 Aug 2009 22:26:38 GMT

Source: Reuters

PORT BLAIR, India, Aug 11 (Reuters) - A tsunami warning issued in the wake of a magnitude 7.6 earthquake off India's Andaman Islands has been cancelled, the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Pacific Tsunami Warning Center said.

The quake early on Tuesday had triggered a tsunami alert for India, Myanmar, Indonesia, Thailand and Bangladesh. More than two hours after the quake there were no reports of a tsunami from ocean rim countries or of any casualties from the tremor.

http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/SP474863.htm

Flash Back Tsunami Laut Indian - Gempa Besar Barat Sumatera

Indian Ocean tsunami

Last reviewed: 28-08-2008

DEADLIEST TSUNAMI ON RECORD


REUTERS/Arko Datta " name="mainimage" border="" width="238" height="146">
An Indian woman mourns the death of a relative.
REUTERS/Arko Datta
The Indian Ocean tsunami, the deadliest on record, smashed into a dozen Asian and African countries on Dec. 26, 2004, swallowing up lives and homes and changing the coastline for ever.

  • 230,000 dead or missing
  • 2.1 million people displaced
  • Donors pledge $13.6 billion

Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, India and the Maldives were the worst affected.

The earthquake which triggered the giant waves measured 9.15 in magnitude and lasted eight minutes.

Key facts


Number of people killed by the tsunamiNumber of people missing since the tsunami
Indonesia131,93437,066
Sri Lanka35,322
India12,4053,874
Thailand5,3952,817
East Africa164139
Maldives8226
Malaysia695
Myanmar610
Bangladesh20
TOTAL185,43443,927

Source: Government ministries. Sri Lanka gives one figure for dead and presumed dead. India includes the Andaman and Nicobar islands. East Africa includes Kenya, Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania and Madagascar, but the figure for those missing only refers to Somalia.

Countries affected by the tsunami13
Number of people displaced2,089,883
Number of people who lost their livelihoods in the tsunami1.5 million
Number of houses destroyed392,544
Number of boats destroyed103,829
Total rebuilding cost$10.375 billion
Amount pledged by donorsAt least $13.6 billion

Source: U.N. Office of the Special Envoy for Tsunami Recovery, Reuters AlertNet Tsunami AidWatch


Sabtu, 08 Agustus 2009

Kebakaran hutan sebagai hasil dari kegagalan pemerintah di Indonesia ?

Kebakaran hutan sebagai hasil dari kegagalan pemerintah di Indonesia

Indonesia terbakar lagi. Asap dari api yang dinyalakan untuk membuka lahan di Kalimantan

Selatan (Borneo) dan Sumatera menyebabkan tingkat polusi di Singapura, Kuala Lumpur, dan Bangkok meningkat, menyebabkan munculnya masalah kesehatan yang berkaitan dengan asap, kecelakaan lalu lintas, dan biaya ekonomi yang menyertainya. Negara-negara tetangga pun kembali menuntut adanya tindakan namun pada akhirnya tetap saja kebakaran akan berlangsung hingga datangnya musim hujan.

Kebakaran ini - dan asap yang mencekik - telah menjadi peristiwa tahunan di
Indonesia. Beberapa tahun lebih buruk dari tahun-tahun yang lain - terutama saat kondisi el Nino yang kering mengubah hutan kawasan ini menjadi sangat mudah terbakar - tapi keseluruhan trend ini tidaklah baik. Kenapa bencana kebakaran ini terus saja terjadi?


Kesalahan seharusnya ditimpakan pertama kali pada pemerintah
Indonesia atas kegagalan sistematis untuk menggalakkan hukum yang didesain untuk mengurangi tingkat penggundulan hutan yang mengejutkan di negara ini. Sejak 1990, angka-angka resmi telah menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia telah kehilangan seperempat dari keseluruhan luas hutannya. Berkurangnya hutan-hutan primer itu menjadi lebih buruk: hampir 31 persen dari hutan tua kepulauan ini telah jatuh ke tangan penambang dan pengembang lahan pada periode yang sama. Bahkan, tingkat penggundulan hutan ini tidak melambat. Berkurangnya hutan dalam satu tahun telah meningkat hingga 19 persen sejak akhir 1990an, sementara setiap tahunnya berkurangnya hutan primer telah meluas hingga 26 persen. Statistik ini seharusnya menjadi sesuatu yang memalukan bagi Indonesia dan bukti ketidakmampuan pemerintah mengatasi berkurangnya hutan dan ketidakmampuan dalam menanggulangi kroni dan korupsi.


Berkurangnya hutan di Indonesia


Penyebab langsung berkurangnya hutan di Indonesia tidaklah kompleks. Kebanyakan penggundulan hutan adalah akibat dari penebangan hutan dan pengubahan hutan menjadi pertanian. Saat ini Indonesia menjadi eksportir kayu tropis terbesar di dunia - suatu komoditas yang menghasilkan hingga 5 milyar USD tiap tahunnya - dan produsen minyak kelapa terbesar kedua, salah satu dari minyak sayur paling produktif di dunia, digunakan di apa pun mulai dari biskuit

hingga biofuel.


Penebangan kayu secara legal berdampak pada 700.000-850.000 hektar hutan setiap tahunnya di Indonesia, namun penebangan hutan ilegal yang telah menyebar meningkatkan secara drastis keseluruhan daerah yang ditebang hingga 1,2-1,4 juta hektar, dan mungkin lebih tinggi - di tahun 2004, Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nabiel Makarim mengatakan bahwa 75 persen dari penebangan hutan di
Indonesia ilegal. Meskipun ada larangan resmi untuk mengekspor kayu dari Indonesia, kayu tersebut biasanya diselundupkan ke Malaysia, Singapura, dan negara-negara Asia lain. Dari beberapa perkiraan, Indonesia kehilangan pemasukan sekitar 1 milyar dollar pertahun dari pajak akibat perdagangan gelap ini. Penambangan ilegal ini juga merugikan bisnis kayu yang resmi dengan mengurangi

suplai kayu yang bisa diproses, serta menurunkan harga internasional untuk kayu dan produk kayu.

Penebangan hutan di
Indonesia telah membuka beberapa daerah yang paling terpencil, dan terlarang, di dunia pada pembangunan. Setelah berhasil menebangi banyak hutan di daerah yang tidak terlalu terpencil, perusahaan-perusahaan kayu ini lantas memperluas praktek mereka ke pulau Kalimantan dan Irian Jaya, dimana beberapa tahun terakhir ini banyak petak-petak hutan telah dihabisi. Sebagai contoh, lebih dari 20 persen ijin penebangan di Indonesia berada di Papua, naik dari 7 persen di tahun 1990an.

Selain penebangan, pengubahan hutan untuk pertanian ukuran besar, terutama perkebunan kelapa sawit, telah menjadi kontributor penting bagi berkurangnya hutan di Indonesia. Kawasan kelapa sawit meluas dari 600.000 hektar di tahun 1985 menjadi lebih dari 5,3 juta hektar di tahun 2004. Pemerintah berharap kondisi ini akan berlipat ganda dalam waktu satu dekade dan, melalui program transmigrasi, telah mendorong para petani untuk mengubah lahan hutan liar menjadi perkebunan. Karena cara termurah dan tercepat untuk membuka lahan perkebunan adalah dengan membakar, upaya ini justru memperburuk kondisi: setiap tahun ratusan dari ribuan hektar are berubah menjadi asap saat pengembang dan agrikulturalis membakar kawasan pedalaman sebelum musim hujan datang di bulan Oktober atau November.

Kegagalan pemerintah


Walau
Indonesia memiliki hukum untuk melindungi hutan dan membatasi pembakaran pertanian, mereka diterapkan dengan sangat buruk. Manajemen hutan di Indonesia telah lama dijangkiti oleh korupsi. Petugas pemerintahan yang dibayar rendah dikombinasikan dengan lazimnya usahawan tanpa reputasi baik dan politisi licik, ini berarti larangan penebangan hutan liar yang tak dijalankan, penjualan spesies terancam yang terlupakan, peraturan lingkungan hidup yang tak dipedulikan, taman nasional yang dijadikan lahan penebangan pohon, serta denda dan hukuman penjara yang tak pernah ditimpakan. Korupsi, dikombinasikan dengan kroniism yang muncul pada masa mantan Presiden Jendral Soeharto (Suharto), telah beberapa kali merusak upaya mengendalikan kebakaran hutan: 1997, negara ini tak dapat menggunakan dana spesial reboisasi non-bujeter mereka untuk melawan kebakaran karena dana tersebut telah dialokasikan untuk proyek mobil yang gagal milik anak diktator tersebut. Saat ini pemerintah masih menolak untuk menghukum mereka yang melanggar hukum yang melarang menggunakan api untuk membuka lahan.


Ini waktunya bagi pemerintah
Indonesia untuk mulai serius menangani penggundulan hutan dan kebakaran yang kerap terulang. Komitmen politis adalah kuncinya - tanpanya, sumbangan-sumbangan uang dalam jumlah besar akan terus dihamburkan tanpa menghentikan penebangan hutan ilegal dan berkurangnya hutan. Pemerintah sebaiknya meratifikasi Perjanjian ASEAN mengenai Polusi Asap Antar Negara, konvensi yang ditandatangani pada tahun 2002 menindaklanjuti kebakaran hutan tahun 1997-1998. PErjanjuan ini membutuhkan kerjasama multinasional untuk melawan kebakaran di kawasan tersebut. Meratifikasi perjanjian itu akan menjadi sinyal awal komitmen politis terhadap permasalahan yang ada, namun pemerintah kemudian harus melanjutkannya dengan implementasi dan inisiatif 'good governance', seperti menerapkan larangan pembakaran lahan dengan ketat. Tanpa penerapan ini, hukum tak akan ada gunanya. Indonesia tak akan lagi dapat mengabaikan aktifitas kriminal dengan kepentingan kuat. Sebagai contoh, Indonesia perlu untuk menindaklanjuti permintaan Malaysia untuk menuntut perusahaan-perusahaan Malaysia yang terlibat dalam pembakaran hutan di Kalimantan Selatan dan Sumatera. Perusahaan yang terbukti bertanggungjawab atas pembakaran ilegal, tak peduli dimana mereka berada, akan kehilangan ijin usahanya dan petugas-petugasnya di penjara.

Saat kebakaran berkurang musim dingin ini,
Indonesia seharusnya menyelidiki kemungkinan yang ditawarkan oleh pasar karbon yang muncul ini yang dapat memberikan pemasukan bagi negara dengan melindungi hutan dari pengembangan. Inovasi strategis lain - dari sertifikasi agrikultural dan kayu yang komprehensif hingga sponsor oleh pihak swasta untuk konservasi hutan - seharusnya juga tidak dilupakan.

Kegagalan internasional

Meski mudah untuk menyalahkan pemerintah Indonesia atas tak adanya tindakan, masyarakat internasional juga telah gagal. Daripada mengkritik Indonesia atas kekurangannya, pemerintah asing seharusnya menjanjikan keahliannya dan memberikan bantuan dalam jumlah besar. Kebakaran hutan Indonesia mempunyai dampak global dengan menghilangkan keanekaragaman hayati dan menyumbangkan gasgas rumah kaca ke atmosfer (kebakaran tahun 1997 melepaskan sekitar 2,67 milyar ton karbon dioksida). Dalam area tertentu, kebakaran ini meracuni udara dan dikaitkan dengan berkurangnya hujan. Dalam kasus dimana masalah Indonesia adalah masalah dunia, masyarakat global seharusnya meningkatkan kesempatan untuk menujukan bencana kebakaran ini dengan sikap yang pintar dan terkoordinasi dengan baik.

http://world.mongabay.com/indonesian/pemerintah.html